Letters were sent home with every student on Wednesday advising parents of the girl's illness.
And school employees began disinfecting all areas of Daleville Elementary the child might have contaminated, including her classrooms, school drinking fountains, bathrooms and the cafeteria, said David Stashevsky, director of curriculum and technology.
In addition, the school bus she rides has been taken out of service until it can be disinfected.
News of the illness was posted on the school district's Facebook page. Telephone alerts were sent to parents as well, Stashevsky said.
Viral meningitis, also called aseptic meningitis, is an infection caused by a virus, which can affect the covering of the brain and spinal cord, according to the Indiana state Department of Health.
People who contract the disease usually make a full recovery, and it is more common in children than adults.
The virus is contagious, and can be spread through coughing or sneezing on someone's face, failure to wash hands after using the toilet and then preparing food for other people, or sharing utensils.
Symptoms might include fever, headache, stiff neck, a red rash, drowsiness, or nausea and vomiting.